USO DE GABAPENTINA PARA O TRATAMENTO DA DOR NEUROPÁTICA
REVISÃO DA LITERATURA
Palavras-chave:
Gabapentine for neuropathic pain, neuropathic pain, gabapentine, post herpetic pain,Resumo
Justificativa e objetivo: Dor neuropática é uma síndrome complexa que afeta o sistema somatossensorial. Classificada como crônica e de difícil tratamento, apresenta importante impacto familiar, laboral e social. O objetivo deste estudo foi pesquisar a efetividade da gabapentina no controle da dor neuropática por meio de uma revisão da literatura. Conteúdo: Artigos revisados demonstraram que a gabapentina, isoladamente ou associada a outros fármacos, é efetiva no tratamento da dor neuropática nas seguintes situações: dor neuropática localizada, pós-herpética, associada à SIDA, pós-tumoral, dor ciática crônica, neuralgia do trigêmio, doença de Fabry, hiperalgesia por capsaisina, dor neuropática radicular (tratamento tópico) e lesão medular aguda, com exceção de três artigos que abordaram o uso da gabapentina para dor lombar baixa, dor neuropática em paciente com SIDA e dor pós-herpética. Na Europa estima-se que 20% da população possui dor crônica, sendo que 6 a 8% apresentam dor neuropática. O tratamento objetiva aumentar o limiar da nocicepção melhorando a qualidade de vida. A efetividade da gabapentina está relacionada à indicação e ao uso clínico adequados, demonstrando benefício no tratamento dos quadros agudos de dor neuropática, tanto com altas doses, como em administrações repetidas.Associada a outros fármacos e a medidas gerais cognitivas, comportamentais e físicas, parece ser mais efetiva. Conclusões: A dor neuropática é responsável por um grande número de consultas e afastamentos do trabalho. A revisão demonstrou que a gabapentina é uma opção para o tratamento da dor neuropática, apresentando poucos efeitos indesejáveis.
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