DIABETES MELLITUS E A DOENÇA DE ALZHEIMER
Keywords:
Demência. Encéfalo. InsulinaAbstract
A associação entre a Diabete Mellitus e a demência está sendo alvo de forte interesse devido a alta incidência com o aumento da expectativa de vida. A diabete, assim como doenças vasculares, apresenta forte fator de risco para o desenvolvimento de demências. Muitos fatores afetam adversamente a saúde do cérebro de indivíduos com Diabetes, incluindo a desregulação energética, inflamação, diminuição da perfusão, aumento do estresse oxidativo e deposição proteica. A diabete é uma doença metabólica complexa que pode ter efeitos devastadores sobre múltiplos sistemas orgânicos. É proposto que na fisiopatologia do déficit cognitivo no diabético sejam pela hipoglicemia crônica, efeitos acumulativos de eventos hipoglicêmicos e possíveis efeitos diretos da insulina no sistema nervoso central. Ainda não está claro se esses fatores, isoladamente, ou, em conjunto, conduzem ao desenvolvimento do déficit cognitivo. Fortes evidências demonstram que a Doença de Alzheimer, juntamente com as doenças cardiovasculares e diabetes possam ter uma mesma origem. Tendo em vista a discussão que o metabolismo energético seja enfatizado devido à hipoperfusão, não é difícil especular que a Diabetes possa ser um componente importante na patogênese da Doença de Alzheimer por reflexo da vasculopatia associada, resultando em danos ao ambiente microvascular. Com base nesta revisão foi possível perceber a forte a fluência da Diabetes sobre o quadro de declínio cognitivo o que sugere uma forte influência da Diabetes no desenvolvimento da Doença de Alzheimer e a existência de um potencial link etiológico entre as Doenças Vasculares, Diabetes e a Doença de Alzheimer.References
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